Saladin Ayyūbid sultan fatha batul muquse

 

It seems you're referring to the conquest of the city of Jerusalem by Saladin, the Ayyubid Sultan. This event occurred in 1187 and is often referred to as the "Fateh al-Quds" or the "Conquest of Jerusalem."

After a series of military campaigns in the Levant, Saladin's forces confronted the Crusader army led by King Guy of Lusignan at the Battle of Hattin in July 1187. Saladin's victory at Hattin was a turning point in the struggle between Muslims and Crusaders for control over the Holy Land.

Following the battle, Saladin's forces moved to besiege Jerusalem, which was a major stronghold of the Crusaders. The city, with its significant religious and strategic importance, was a coveted prize for both Muslim and Christian powers.

After a siege lasting several weeks, Jerusalem surrendered to Saladin's forces on October 2, 1187. The terms of surrender were relatively lenient compared to the brutality often seen in medieval warfare. Saladin allowed the inhabitants of Jerusalem to leave peacefully if they could pay a ransom, while those who couldn't afford it were allowed to remain under Muslim rule.

The conquest of Jerusalem by Saladin was a significant event in the history of the Crusades. It marked the end of almost a century of Christian control over the city and demonstrated Saladin's military prowess and ability to unite Muslim forces against the Crusaders. The capture of Jerusalem also triggered the Third Crusade, as European leaders sought to reclaim the Holy City from Muslim control.